Abstract: As Oman shifts towards renewable energy to meet growing electricity demands, solar power has become a cornerstone of its energy strategy. However, the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems is sensitive to temperature, with higher temperatures reducing their performance. This study investigates the relationship between ground-based temperature measurements and satellite-derived temperature data from Landsat 8 in Seeb, Muscat, Oman. By comparing ground temperatures with satellite data, the study aims to enhance the accuracy of temperature predictions, improving energy yield forecasts for solar farms and off-grid systems. A linear regression analysis between ground temperatures and Landsat 8 data resulted in a high correlation R2=0.9189, with a trend line equation of y=1.0811x−0.5489, suggesting that satellite readings are slightly higher than ground temperatures, particularly in summer months. The seasonal variation between the datasets shows convergence during cooler months (January and October) and divergence in peak summer (July), where satellite data reports temperatures up to 2°C higher than ground-based measurements. The study provides insights into the potential of using satellite data to model temperature variations and optimize solar power generation in Oman, where direct ground measurements may not always be feasible.
Keywords: Solar energy, Temperature correlation, Satellite data, Photovoltaic
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